compare and contrast dr ornish and dr atkins

But Ornish is conflating hot dogs and pepperoni with fresh, unprocessed meats, says Lydia Bazzano, professor of nutrition and epidemiology at Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, and theres a big difference between them. A 2010 systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 studies found consumption of processed meat was associated with an increased risk of diabetes and heart disease but eating unprocessed red meat was not. Ornish begins his piece with a misleading statistic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison The effects of weight loss on the activity and expression of adipose-tissue lipoprotein lipase in very obese humans. Knight EL, Stampfer MJ, Hankinson SE, et al. Was Dr. Atkins Right? But what about the claims Ornish makes about the success of his own dietdo they hold up to scrutiny? N Engl J Med. The mechanism of the effects on HDL-C levels of changing from a high- to low-fat diet differs substantially from the mechanism explaining the differences in HDL-C levels between individuals who are eating a high-fat diet. First, shes again perpetuating the myth that when we cut out fat, we began eating foods that were worse for us. As the USDA data show, were eating more fat, not less. His dietary regimen was mostly an inverted version of the USDA pyramid that was high in fat and low in carbohydrates. Reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratios were significant only in patients who were following either a 10% fat diet or a 15% fat, calorie-controlled diet. For example, the message of many recent articles has been Americans have been told to eat less fat; the percentage of calories from fat is lower, yet Americans are more overweight than ever. Companies such as McDonalds consulted him on the formulation of healthier foods, and he held lucrative positions on the advisory boards of PepsiCo and Safeway. But its not true. In a study from Harvard School of Public Health they prospectively observed 37,698 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (19862008) and 83,644 women from the Nurses' Health Study (19802008) who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer at baseline. After 1 year, there was a 52% decrease in LDL-C on the 10% fat diet compared with a 6% increase in LDL-C on the Atkins diet (33). Pounds lost on Atkins diet may quickly return. Ornish represented the other viewpoint with his fruits, veggies, and sharp CONCLUSIONS: Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, et al. So even when we look at the data Ornish likes, we still dont see reason to blame Americas ill health on unprocessed red meat and saturated fats. A low-fat diet decreases high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels by decreasing HDL apolipoprotein transport rates. Your body excretes toxic substances through your bowels, breath, and perspiration, so this is not surprising. And although Ornish is right that I lack clinical experience, when analyzing evidence, distance can be useful. Lets check the facts: Headline: Why Almost Everything Dean Ornish Says about Nutrition Is Wrong, Subhead: When it comes to good eating habits, protein and fat are not your dietary enemies. . Believing this, many people are throwing up their hands, exasperated, saying, These damn doctors cant make up their mindsto hell with them, Ill eat whatever I want, when there is actually an emerging consensus among scientists and physicians who do research in nutrition about what constitutes an optimal way of eating. Its not just 48 patients. In: Seman FJ, ed. Westman EC, Yancy WS, Edman JS. Only patients following the Atkins diet showed a worsening of each CVD risk factor (LDL-C, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, homocysteine, Lp(a), and fibrinogen), despite achieving statistically significant weight loss. 1998) showed an average reduction of 24 pounds in the first year. This is why I use the USDA data (which tracks consumption of the entire food supply, not just a tiny sample). If ones looks at the right data, he says, its clear that our countrys metabolic ills can be blamed on our increasing consumption of red meat and bad fatsboth of which, he says, are proved to be unhealthy. HDL-C decreased 9% from 40.0 to 36.3 mg/dL after 1 year, yet these patients showed clear improvement in coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial perfusion, and cardiac events. My colleagues and I have been training and certifying teams of health care professionals at leading hospitals, clinics and health systems in this lifestyle program for reversing heart disease. Eating a stick of butter will raise HDL-C in those who are able to do so, but that does not mean that butter is good for the heart. But replacing animal protein with well-balanced plant proteins is beneficial, and this is in the mainstream of what most scientists who do nutrition research believe. 1999;282:1539-1546. This optimal diet is based predominantly on fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes in their natural, unrefined forms. In his lengthy reply to my article Dean Ornish says I distort his beliefs, cite questionable studies and dont have the clinical experience to assess nutritional evidence. Ornish then moved to the Boston area for a clinical fellowship at Harvard Medical School and an internship and residency in internal medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, which he completed in 1984. Ornish D. A diet rich in partial truths. On one side was Atkins, who had two strips of bacon and three eggs for breakfast. All three diets reduced blood pressure, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and estimated coronary heart disease risk. (All groups consumed about the same amount of protein.) But his claims about the dangers of saturated fat and red meat go beyond the science and in some cases contradict it. 2002;113:30-36. Since the U.S. population last year was 322 million people, this represents only 0.000044% of the population, and different people are surveyed each year. Insulin accelerates the conversion of calories into triglycerides, which may contribute to hypertriglyceridemia. J Cardiovasc Risk. Dr Atkins advocated substituting simple carbohydrates with high-fat, high-animal protein foods such as bacon, sausage, butter, steak, pork rinds, and brie. Thus, we need to move beyond simplistic notions that anything that raises HDL-C is beneficial and anything that lowers HDL-C is harmful. In: Cowdry EV, ed. Im not cherry-picking data; Im looking at the preponderance of evidence from many studies by leading investigators such as those at Harvard School of Public Health. Am J Clin Nutr. Sample sizes ranged from 1,730 men and 2,003 women in NHANES 1999 to 2000 to 6,630 men and 7,537 women in NHANES III. the following link: They should not be used to make claims about cause and effect; doing so is considered by nutrition scientists to be inappropriate and misleading. The reason: People who eat a lot of animal protein often make other lifestyle choices that increase their disease risk, and although researchers try to make statistical adjustments to control for these confounding variables, as theyre called, its a very imperfect science. Resolving the coronary artery disease epidemic through plant-based nutrition. First, in this study, JAMA published a retraction of one of the main conclusions of this study by led by Christopher Gardner, which initially claimed that people lost more weight on the Atkins diet than on the diet I recommend, which turned out to be false (JAMA. At Pennsylvania State University, researchers found that healthy women instinctively ate about 3 lb of food a day, whether high or low in calories. Diet, lifestyle, and the etiology of coronary artery disease: The Cornell China Study. One reason that people often lose weight when they reduce their intake of carbohydrates is that they are usually reducing their intake of fats as well. Fung TT, Hu FB, Pereira MA, et al. Some people are able to handle more simple carbohydrates and/or more cholesterol and saturated fat in their diet than others. Changes in myocardial perfusion abnormalities by positron emission tomography after long-term, intense risk factor modification. How might a mans reproductive health concerns change at different periods of his life? Clinical professor of medicine, University of California, San Francisco In other words, the diet I recommend causes weight loss, not weight gain. Brody J. In contrast, someone who increases the amount of fat and cholesterol in their diet (eg, an Atkins diet) may increase their HDL-C because their body is trying to get rid of the extra garbage (fat and cholesterol) by increasing the number of available garbage trucks (HDL). 1998;280:2001-2007. 1996;46:325-341. JAMA. In contrast, control group patients following a 30% fat diet showed more progression of atherosclerosis after 5 years than after 1 year. 1997;337:562-563. And it is worth noting that among people in the study over 65, heavy consumption of animal protein actually protected against cancer and mortality. An Atkins diet often shows a greater reduction in triglycerides by comparison. J Am Coll Nutr. Esselstyn CB Jr. Updating a 12-year experience with arrest and reversal therapy for coronary heart disease (an overdue requiem for palliative cardiology). Again, meta-analyses of observational studies are certainly not perfect, but because they analyze all relevant data, they circumvent the problem of cherry-picking. Twelve-month randomized trial conducted in the United States from February 2003 to October 2005 among 311 free-living, overweight/obese (body mass index, 27-40) nondiabetic, premenopausal women. The advantage of small changes is that the barriers to change are low, but the benefits are also modest. Weight loss was greater for women in the Atkins diet group compared with the other diet groups at 12 months, and mean 12-month weight loss was significantly different between the Atkins and Zone diets (P less than .05). Stevens A, Robinson DP, Turpin J, et al. These are not theoretical discussions; they are real people who have shown substantial improvements in their health and well-beingnot just in risk factors but also in the underlying disease process. Am J Kidney Dis. Discover world-changing science. You used to find a lot more people interested in Peyreigne C, Bouix D, Aissa Benhaddad A, et al. The effect of high-, moderate-, and low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Ornish also dismisses the randomized controlled trials I cited in large part because the subjects in these trials did not adhere to the diets and reduce their fat intake enough. But even if the NHANES data are accurate, they show Americans are eating more fat than ever and even more refined carbohydrates than ever. 2002;40:265-274. It is all about energy balance. He received an M.D. Paradoxically, it may sometimes be easier for people to make more comprehensive changes in diet and lifestyle because they experience the benefits so quickly and to a much greater degree (25,64). Campbell TC, Parpia B, Chen J. Effect of low-carbohydrate high-protein diets on acid-base balance, stone-forming propensity, and calcium metabolism. Bill Clinton is one of the more public examples of this, having lost and kept off more than 20 pounds since following the whole foods, plant-based diet I recommended for him five years ago (including salmon once a week). Lancet. Whole grain consumption improves insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese adults (15). Reddy ST, Wang CY, Sakhaee K, et al. These patients were eligible for revascularization and chose to make these comprehensive lifestyle changes instead. Many dietitians and other health professionals as well as people in the general public are often confused by the fact that many people are able to lose weight on these diets.

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