is lindane a severe marine pollutant

In 2006, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) called for the voluntary cancellation of all agricultural uses of lindane, limited in recent years to pre-planting seed treatments. Ethyl-4-aminobenzoate. [1] Abstract. 0000000016 00000 n Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. United Nations Environment Programme - POPs [16] Only rarely have seizures and even more rarely fatal reactions been reported when lindane medications were used (presumably) according to directions.[7][11][12]. [7], In 1995, lindane medications were designated second-line and are now reserved for patients who are unable to tolerate or have failed first-line treatmentsa growing problem in the U.S. and elsewhere due to increased rates of resistance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. [4] There is a bill in the New York State Assembly and Senate to ban its use in head lice products and limit its use on scabies, which had not passed as of September 2007. Symbol (fish and tree): Black on white or suitable contrasting background. Severe Remove contaminated clothes. Lindane (Persistant Organic Pollutant) in the EU, Best Practices of De-Contamination Exchanged. Methods for measurement of sediment, surface water, and porewater toxicity in marine environments include the sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata) fertilization and embryological development tests and copepod The EPA has approved the use of lindane stockpiles through 2009. Fresh air, rest. Find out more about the company LUMITOS and our team. Great care, however, should be taken to avoid any additional release, for example through inappropriate disposal. WebLINDANE ICSC: 0053 IMPORTANT DATA PHYSICAL STATE; APPEARANCE: ODOURLESS, WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER CHEMICAL DANGERS: On contact with hot surfaces or flames this substance decomposes forming toxic and corrosive fumes including phosgene and hydrogen chloride. [1] In 2003, the EPA reported on the results of large-scale water contaminant testing of 16,000 water systems serving 100 million people across the U.S. and found that none contained lindane levels above the maximum contaminant level standard considered safe. The mark may be displayed in black lettering on a square-on-point configuration having the same outside dimensions as a placard; or. %PDF-1.4 % The mark must be visible from the direction it faces. [11][12], While adverse reactions can occur with use of low-dose topical pharmaceutical formulations, serious effects are rare and have most often resulted from the misuse of medication. Exposure could cause death. [citation needed], The US EPA has determined that lindane does not contaminant drinking water in excess of the Agency's level of concern. pollution At the same time, a boxed warning was added to the prescription label to highlight to healthcare providers appropriate use criteria and rare treatment risks. [18] (see also Agricultural vs. Healthcare Applications) xb```"cV @16$!Lvr p'wO'w6%nY38rg?&')(Iq^ YNH(Hinthr;.5. Larger than the issue of lindane toxicity are concerns related to the non-gamma isomers of HCH, namely alpha-HCH and beta-HCH, which are notably more toxic than lindane. 0000006477 00000 n [6] Most exposure of the general population to lindane results from agricultural uses and the intake of contaminated foods, such as produce, meats and milk. [1] The ecological impact of lindanes environmental persistence continues to be debated. It is highly toxic to fish and honeybees and moderately toxic to most Lindane They are second line treatments, meaning they are prescribed only when first-line therapies have failed, cannot be tolerated or are otherwise contraindicated. In addition, there were 46 hospitalizations, and seven life-threatening outcomesfive from the same household. Refer immediately for medical attention. Lindane has been used in the U.S. for more than 60 years, both in healthcare and in agriculture. Lindane is the main insecticide produced in China. (4) For domestic transportation, a packaging marked prior to January 1, 2017 and in conformance with the requirements of this paragraph in effect on December 31, 2014, may continue in service until the end of its useful life. WebLindane is an organochlorine pesticide belonging to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that has been widely used to treat agricultural pests. (3) Transitional exception. [7] These infectious diseases, two of which are sexually transmitted, affect tens of millions of Americans and hundreds of millions of people worldwide every year. (ii) At least 250 mm (9.8 inches) for marks applied to all other bulk packages. Over time, lindane is broken down in soil, sediment and water into less harmful substances by algae, fungi and bacteria; however, the process is relatively slow and dependent on ambient environmental conditions. The MARINE POLLUTANT mark must conform to the following: (1) Except for size, the MARINE POLLUTANT mark must appear as follows: (2) The marking must be in the form of a square-on-point. To use all the functions on Chemie.DE please activate JavaScript. (see also Regulatory Status). In 2003, the FDA published a safety analysis of adverse events reported in association with the use of lindane medications received through its adverse event monitoring system (AERS database) between from 1974 through 2002. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced, provided the marking remains clearly visible. Lindane has long been associated with pollution due to its long persistence and quick accumulation in fatty tissues. Column 1 is labeled S.M.P. for Severe Marine Pollutants and Column 2 is Marine pollutants or environmentally hazardous substances are materials that can pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems. Marine pollutant is a term mainly used by IMDG code while the term " environmentally hazardous substances " are used by other dangerous goods regulations such as ADR and IATA. Marine Drugs | Free Full-Text | Lindane Bioremediation Capability Refer for medical attention. 0000001686 00000 n Wash hands before eating. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Each side of the mark must be -. The mark must be visible from the direction it faces. To explore the toxic effects of lindane and the underlying mechanisms of this toxicity, the animal model Caenorhabditis (c) A transport vehicle or freight container that contains a package subject to the marking requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of this section must be marked with the MARINE POLLUTANT mark. Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER. Aurora is best viewed in areas without light pollution and no cloud cover. 89 0 obj <>stream Effects of short-term exposure That's what the Environmental Protection Agency said after downgrading ozone standards in the In humans, lindane primarily affects the nervous system, liver and kidneys, and may be a carcinogen and/or endocrine disruptor.[1][2]. Lindane [18], Canadas Pest Management Regulatory Agency phased out of all agricultural uses of lindane between 2000 and 2005 due to concerns of chronic occupational exposure and risks to workers during seed treatment and planting. Rinse mouth. Where two or more components that make a material a marine pollutant are present, the names of at least two of the components most predominantly contributing to the marine pollutant designation must appear in parentheses in association with the marked proper shipping name. In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. [34], In response to Morton Grove's complaint, the Ecology Center defendants moved to dismiss the case based on an alleged lack of personal jurisdiction. [4][25] The latter includes the U.S. and Canada, which support public health uses of pharmaceutical lindane but no longer allow agricultural applications. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Lindane is registered for use in 50 countries, with restricted-use status in 33 of these countries. [20] The majority of studies of the general population have also shown no association between serum or breast tissue levels of lindane and breast cancer. Cough. [15] Central nervous system stimulation ranging from dizziness to seizures, has also been reported; however, serious effects, like seizures, have almost always resulted from oral ingestion or misuse of medication (e.g., repeated treatments or prolonged applications). Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. eCFR :: 49 CFR 172.322 -- Marine pollutants. In the U.S., lindane medications are approved for the treatment of scabies, pubic lice (crabs), and head lice. <<77808EBE95D8C749B7A9AFF580CD8412>]>> During this time, the vast majority of lindane usemore than 99%has been for agricultural purposes and much of the safety and environmental concerns have related to this application. trailer LINDANE 0000057176 00000 n Lindane (Ref: OMS 17) - University of Hertfordshire "[14], The most common side effects associated with topical use of lindane medications are nonserious reactions of the skin, including burning, itching, dryness and rash. 104 0 obj <> endobj %%EOF [7], Based on these findings, lindane lotion and lindane shampoo were limited to small unit-dose bottles in 2003 by the FDA to mitigate the risk of misuse and further enhance product safety. [1] Adverse hematologic effects have also been reported with chronic occupational exposures and excessive dermal applications; however, a direct cause and effect has not been established. Lindane in soil can leach to surface and even ground water and can bioaccumulate in the food chain. %PDF-1.6 % With an accout for my.chemeurope.com you can always see everything at a glance and you can configure your own website and individual newsletter. WebLindane has been listed as a pollutant of concern to EPA's Great Waters Program due to its persistence in the environment, potential to bioaccumulate, and toxicity to humans (June 8, 2007 order). 0000047710 00000 n Lindane (ii) 5 kg (11 pounds) or less net capacity for solids. Fish, marine mammals and birds in the region are exposed to environmental pollutants, increasing the stress of the marine ecosystem. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR), Subtitle B - Other Regulations Relating to Transportation, CHAPTER I - PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, SUBCHAPTER C - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS, PART 172 - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TABLE, SPECIAL PROVISIONS, HAZARDOUS MATERIALS COMMUNICATIONS, EMERGENCY RESPONSE INFORMATION, TRAINING REQUIREMENTS, AND SECURITY PLANS. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. This article is based in part on the public domain US government document at FDA.gov. Transportation Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection. Toxicity of phenanthrene and lindane mixtures It is of particular concern because of However, Morton Grove presented new facts supporting its case for jurisdiction in Illinois and the Court held that Morton Grove's "Second Amended Complaint would provide specific jurisdiction over the Center and Weil." However, lindane medications remain available in Canada for public health purposes as non-prescription therapies. [26], Lindane is released into the environment during and after agricultural application through volatilization into the atmosphere (estimated at 12-30%), where it has long-range transport potential and can be deposited by rainfall.

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